Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) and patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) are common musculoskeletal conditions that affect the hip and knee respectively. GTPS causes persistent pain at the outer point of the hip, often exacerbated by lying on the affected side, standing for long periods, or physical activity. PFPS, on the other hand, typically presents as pain around or behind the kneecap, particularly noted when ascending or descending stairs, squatting, or sitting with bent knees for extended periods. Management of both conditions includes physical therapy to strengthen surrounding muscles and improve joint function, pain relief medications, and lifestyle modifications to avoid pain-triggering activities. In some cases, diagnostic signs specific to each condition guide targeted treatments such as corticosteroid injections for GTPS or orthotic supports for PFPS, aiming to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) involves discomfort and inflammation in the hip area, specifically where the greater trochanter of the femur bone meets the muscles and tendons of the hip.
Symptoms of GTPS
Lateral Hip Pain: A persistent and sometimes sharp pain on the outside of the hip, often worsened by lying on the affected side.
Radiating Pain: Discomfort that can extend down the thigh and may occasionally reach the knee, resembling sciatic pain.
Tenderness: The area over the greater trochanter may be sensitive to the touch, making side-lying or pressure from tight clothing uncomfortable.
Worsening with Activity: Activities such as walking or running can increase the pain, and stiffness might be noted after prolonged sitting.
Limited Mobility: The pain may limit range of motion in the hip, affecting daily movements like climbing stairs or getting out of a car
Management of Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (GTPS)
Rest and Activity Modification: Minimizing activities that trigger the pain, such as certain exercises orprolonged standing, can provide relief.
Exercise: A structured program that includes light stretching and strengthening exercises to improve hip muscle balanceand function.
Pain Relief Medications: NSAIDs may help in managing inflammation and pain associated with GTPS.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a condition often associated with knee discomfort and can result from various causes, such as overuse, injury, or anatomic misalignment.
Symptoms of PFPS
Localized Pain: Pain is usually centered around the front of the knee, particularly behind or around the kneecap. It can vary from a mild annoyance to a severe hindrance.
Activity-Induced Pain: Activities that put pressure on the knee joint, such as running, squatting, and ascending or descending stairs, can exacerbate the pain.
Pain After Sitting: Prolonged sitting with the knees bent can lead to increased discomfort, often referred to as the "theatre sign."
Crepitus: A grinding or popping sensation or sound in the knee during movement.
Muscle Weakness or Imbalance Weak quadriceps muscles or imbalances between the inner and outer thigh muscles can contribute to PFPS symptoms.
Management of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)
Activity Modification: Avoiding or modifying activities that put excessive stress on the knee, like running or jumping, is recommended.
Exercise: Strengthening the muscles around the knee, particularly the quadriceps, and improving flexibility can help alleviate the pressure on the patella.
Pain Relief Medications: NSAIDs may be used to manage pain and reduce inflammation.
Icing: Applying ice packs to the knee after activities can help to reduce pain and swelling.
Footwear: Wearing shoes that offer good support and cushioning can reduce the impact on the knees. Patellar Taping: Taping the knee can provide pain relief and help maintain proper patellar alignment.
